Isotopic Labels: An Overview of Carbon-13, Oxygen-18, Deuterium, and Nitrogen-15
Isotopic labeling is a powerful technique used in various scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. By incorporating stable isotopes into molecules, researchers can trace metabolic pathways, study reaction mechanisms, and investigate molecular structures. This article explores four commonly used isotopic labels: Carbon-13 (¹³C), Oxygen-18 (¹⁸O), Deuterium (²H), and Nitrogen-15 (¹⁵N), highlighting their applications…
